Heat-insulated receptacle



LEWIS VAN DEVENTER BLAIR.

HEAT INSULATED RECEPTACLE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 29, 1919.

Patented. Nov. M, 1922.

Patented Nov. 14, 1922. 1

' TATES 1,435,199 PATENT @FFHCE.

LEWIS VAN DEVENTER BLAIR, OI CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE MANTLELAMP CO. OF AMERICA, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

HEAT-INSULATED RECEPTACLE.

Application filed October 29, 1919. Serial No. 334,212.

To all whom it'mag concern.

Be it known that I, Lnwrs VAN DEVENTER BLAIR, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and 5 State ofIllinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inHeat-Insulated Receptacles, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to receptacles of the heat-insulated non-vacuumtype, objects thereof being to economically produce relatively largereceptacles, to render such receptacles sanitary and easy to clean, toimprove the insulation, to provide means for easily and permanentlyassembling and uniting the component parts, and to minimize thetransmission of shocks to the inner vessel or container which, beingpreferably composed of glass or other frangible substance, is likely tobe broken if means for its protection from extraneous shocks are notutilized.

The invention will be best understood by referring to the drawingconstituting a part of this specification in which Figure 1 is a View inelevation with portions broken away to show the lower parts of the outerjacket and the container with which a receptacle made in accordance withthe invention is to be provided; and Figure 2 is a sectional view of aportion of such a receptacle showing the construction of the upper partsthereof on a larger scale.

The outer jacket, 1, is made of at least 85 two parts, a lowercylindrical section, 2,

having a bottom, 3, and an upper cylindrical section, 4, whichterminates in a threaded neck, 5, having an inturned fiange,-6. Thesetwo sections, 2 and 4, which are preferably of metal or othernon-frangible substance, are unitedby a substantially airtight andwater-tight spun joint, 7, consisting of an outwardly-turned bead, 8, onone section and an inwardly turned lip, 9, on

35 the other section, said lip being spun over said bead and being acontinuation of a deflected portion, 10, of the upper section whichconstitutes. a shoulder against which said bead rests.

The inner container, 11, may be made of glass or some othervitreous'substance, which, despite its fragility is employed because itis a poor conductor of heat and in order that the interior of the,container may to be properly cleaned and insanitary conditions avoided.The container is provided with a neck, 12, the upper edge, 13, of whichterminates under the inturned flange, 6, of the threaded neck, 5, towhich it is bonded by a substantially infusible substance 14, of lowheat conductivity. The bond may be in part disposed between the necks 5and 12, of the jacket and the container which are separated to leave aspace, 15, whereby their only physical connection is through the bond,14, which on account of its low heat conductivity and its consequentdisability as a heat conductor is incapable oftransferring much heatfrom the container to the jacket if the contents be hot, or from thejacket to the container if the contents be cold. The container should besilvered to intercept radiant heat, and, for convenience of manufacture,is made of one piece of glass. The bottom of the container is devoid ofangles and is approximately'of semi-spherical form, the object being toavoid fractures which are caused by unequal expansion of parts ofvessels of irregular shapes.

The bottom, 3, of the jacket is provided with a support, 16, of limitedarea to enable the receptacle to rest upon irregular surfaces withouttilting and for reducing conduction of heat to objects on which thereceptacle may be placed.

The stopper, 17, for the container, 11, is

hollow and preferably made of glass,and

it is provided with a rib, 18, from which it may be sustained. The airmay be exhausted from the space within the stopper, or rarefied byexpansion before the stopper is closed. A gasket, 19, which may be ofrubher, is interposed between the rib, 18, and the edge, 6, of thecontainer to make a tight joint, to cushion the surface thereof and toprevent any considerable heat from being conducted to the stopper, 17.The cylindrical outer wall, 20, of the stopper and the inner cylindricalwall, 21, of the neck, 12, are separated by an annular space,22, tolimit heat conduction and are ground to re move any protube'rances orirregularities which might, if present, interrupt the continuity of saidannular space, 22, and establish undesirable and excessive paths of heatconductivity. The-stopper, 17, is normally' out of contact with thecontents of the con tainer,'11, and hencall of the heat which protectivepacking, 31, in order that saidmitted through the glass neck, 12, of thecontainer which is of relatively small crosssection and a poor conductorof heat. If

the stopper were not spaced from said neck,

the insulation would be appreciably impaired and. the period of heatretention would be somewhat shortened. Q

The stopper has a relatively small mouth, 28, which is provided with anexternal bead, 24, and this mouth is closed by a convex cap, 25, that issecured in position by a hermetical adherent seal, 26, extending overthe edge of said mouth, and, if desired, over said external bead.

A cover, 27, having a threaded lower edge, 28, which engages the threadsof the neck, 5, of the jacket, 1, is provided with a centrally -disposedcavity, 29, in its top wall which cavity coincides with the convex cap,25, of the stopper, 17 to thereby center said stopper and compel aconcentric disposition of said stopper and the neck, 12, of the container, as well as to maintain the separation of their adjacentsurfaces.

The receptacle is provided with a bale, 30, to facilitate its handling.

The space between the jacket, and the container, 11, is filled with acomminuted substance 31, of poor heat conducting properties, such ascork, and this substance is packed with sufficient density to preventviolent pendulous movements of the container occasioned by shocksadministered from without the receptacle, while permitting the expansionand contraction and the slight bodily movements of the container whichare produced by changes of temperature. The walls of the jacket, 1, andthe container, 11, are spaced apart a sufiicient distance to preventindented portions of the jacket from exerting pressure upon ortransmitting shocks to the frangible wall of the container, and to admitof the dispersion of the force of external blows into the relativelythick frangible wall may not be broken. The dis tance between the wallsof a vessel having substantially a capacity of one gallon should be oneinch or more, and the packing should be such as to readily disperseshocks.

By employing a two-part jacket the manufacture of the receptacle isgreatly facilitated. The various parts are separately produced ready forassembling, whereupon the container is inserted into the top portion ofthe jacket from below and bonded thereto. The container is then silveredby a wellknown process and the coating of silverccovered by a film ofprotective paint. The packing is. next introduced, and this part of theassembling operation is accomplished by telescoping a cylinder, 32, ofpaper, or other poor conductor of heat into the section, 4, of thejacket, 1, said cylinder being substantially coextensive with saidjacket. The

non-conducting filling, 31, is then placed within said cylinder andpacked in the desired degree, whereupon the section, 2, of the jacket isslid over said cylinder and secured in position by spinning the lip, 9,over the bead, 8. r i

The substance of which the bond is composed is, preferably, a preparedshellac which is fully described in United States Letters Patent421,309,967, granted to Simonson and Blair on July 15, 1919. Thissubstance is of especial utility as a bond inasmuch as it may be fusedin situ at a temperature which is lower than the temperature at whichglass fuses and, by suflicient heat treatment at normal pressures,becomes, exceedingly tenacious and permanently adherent to the neck ofthe jacket and the container. The substance is ground before it isapplied, and when heated it fuses and becomes sticky and immediatelyattaches itself to the adjacent parts. Prolonged heating hardens it,renders it substantially insoluble in alcohol, and materially raises oreliminates its melting point, so that its durability asabond is ensured.The tenacity of this bond is such that it is-capable of supporting thecontainer in its pendent position withthe jacket without the aid ofadjunctive supporting devices. The filling between the jacket and thecontainer is primarily employed asa shock-absorber and an insulator, andfor the purpose of preventing the container from responding to externalshocks which, if of sufficient intensity, would cause the container tooscillate to such extent, relatively to the jacket, as to fracture itsneck. Experiments have shown that the bond will remain intact andadherent to the parts even when contiguous portions of the glass of thecontainer are broken by a shock.

It is important that the inner container becomposed of a substance whichis a poor conductor of heat, so that heat will not be readilytransmitted upward through the body of the container to the outer jacketfrom which it is suspended. Although the bondlng material constitutingthe seal is ltself a poor conductor of heat, it is desirable tosupplement its non-heat transmitting properties as much as possible.

Having thus described, my invention. what I claim is: v i

1. A heat-insulated vessel of the nonvacuum type having an outer jacketof nonfrangible material, an inner container of frangible material, saidinner container being bonded to-and pendently supported from saidjacket, and heat-insulating and shockabsorbing means surrounding saidcontainer for limiting oscillations of said container while permittingexpansion thereof by changes of temperature.

2. A heat-insulated vessel having a trans 1 0 versely divided outerjacket of non=frangible material, an inner container of frangiblematerial bonded to the upper portion of said jacket and pendentlysupported thereby, a lining disposed within and substantiallycoextensive with said jacket, and a commlnuted body of heat insulatingand shock-absorbing material disposed between said container and saidlining for limiting oscillations of said container while permittingexpansion thereof by changes of temperature.

3. A heat-insulated vessel of the nonvacuum type, having an outernon-frangible jacket provided with a neck and consisting of a pluralityof parts united by a circumferential spun seam, a strong inner frangiblecontainer having a neck which is sealed to the neck of said jacket, anda packing of shock-dispersing and heat-insulating material envelopingsaid container and of sufficient thickness to prevent indentations ordistortions of said jacket from exerting a breaking pressure onsaidcontainer, whereby oscillation of said container is limited andexplansion thereof by changes of temperature permitted.

4:. A heat -insulated vessel of the nonvacuum type having anon-frangible outer jacket, an inner frangible container, and a bonduniting said jacket and said container at their upper ends andsustaining said container in a pendent position within said jacket, saidjacket and said container being sufiiciently spaced to prevent indentedor distorted portions of said jacket from touching said container.

5. A heat-insulated vessel of the nonvacuum type having a two-part outerjacket, an inner container of non-corrosive mate rial bonded directly toand pendently sustained by said outer jacket, and a comminuted packing,disposed around said container to limit pendulous movements of saidcontainer while permitting expansion and contraction thereof by changesof temperature.

6. A heat-insulated vessel having a nonfrangible outer jacket providedwith a top portion and a bottom portion each formed with a cylindricalwall and united by a circumferential joint, and an integralnon-corrosive inner container united to said top portion by an adherentbond, and supported by said bond in a pendent position.

7. A heat-insulated vessel consisting of a divided outer jacket, asingle-wall container, a bond directly uniting the tops of said jacketand said container and sealing the space within said jacket, andcushioning means, said cushioning means substantially filling the spacebetween said jacket and said container and having low heat conductivityfor insulating said container and for limiting pendulous movementsthereof.

8. A heat-insulated vessel having an outer jacket and an inner containerprovided With a neck, a body of heat-insulating material surroundingsaid container and a closure for and engaging the neck of said containerand separated from the inner wall of said neck by a heat-insulating airspace.

9. A heat-insulated vessel having an outer jacket and an innersingle-wall container provided with a neck, a body of heat-insulatingmaterial surrounding said container, a closure for the neck of saidcontainer separated from the inner Wall of said neck, by aheat-insulating air space and a heat-insulating gasket disposed betweensaid neck and said closure.

10. A heat -insulated receptacle of the non-vacuum type, including amulti-part outer jacket having an inturned portion at its upper end, asingle-walled strong inner frangible container having a neck surroundedand laterally sustained by said jacket, and resilient heat-insulatingmaterial disposed between said jacket 'and said container and extendingfrom the inner wall of said jacket to the outer wall of said containerfor limiting the oscillation of said container while permit-tingexpansion thereof by changes of temperature. a

11. A heat-insulated vessel of the non vacuum type, having anon-frangible multipart outer jacket, an inner strong singlewalledcontainer of low heatconductivity pendently sustained in and separatedat all points from said outer jacket by heat-1nsulating material whichlimits oscillation of said container while permitting expansion thereofby changes of temperature.

12. A heat-insulated vessel of the nonvacuum type, having anon-frangible outer jacket, a strong inner single-walled frangiblecontainer of low heat conductivity pendently sustained in said jacketand separated at all points below the point of suspension in said outerjacket by heat insulating material for limiting oscillation of saidcontainer while permitting expansion thereof by changes of temperature.

13. A heat-insulated receptacle of the nonvacuum type, including anon-frangible outer jacket, a strong inner vitreous container supportedin the upper'portion of said outer jacket, and a comniinutedheatinsulating material disposed between said jacket and said containerfor limiting oscillationof said container While permitting expansionthereof by changes of temperature, said container having suiiicientopacity,

to substantially conceal said insulating m a'- terial.

14. Aiheat-insulated receptacle of the nonvacuum type, having anon-frangible outer jacket, a strong inner single-walled container offrangible material, said inner container being pendently sustained insaid jacket, and heat-insulating and shock-absorbing means surroundingsaid container for limiting its oscillation while permitting expansionthereof by changes of temperature.

15. A heat-insulated receptacle including an inner vitreous container, asectional outer jacket, heat insulating material disposed between saidcontainer and jacket, and a retainer for holding said insulatingmaterial in place pending the placing in position of a section of theouter jacket.

16. A heat-insulated receptacle of the nonvacuum type, including anouter non-frangible jacket, a strong inner vitreous container supportedin the upper portion of said jacket, and heat insulating materialdisposed between said container and said jacket for? limitingoscillation of saidcontainerwhile' permit-ting expansion thereof bychanges of temperature, said container having an outside coating ofsilver to render it opaque and reflective of heat rays.

. 17. A heat-insulated receptacle of the nonvacuum type, including amulti-section outer jacket, a strong vitreous single-walled innercontainer sustained in the upper portion of said outer jacket, resilientheat-insulating material disposed between said jacket and said containerfor limiting oscillation of said container while permitting expansionthereof by changes of temperature, one section holding a cover, and aseal to prevent moisture from' reaching said insulating material.

18. Aheat-insulated receptacle of the nonvacuum type, including amulti-section outer jacket, a strong vitreous single-walled innercontainer sustained in the upper portion of said outer jacket, resilientheat-insulating material disposed between said jacketand said containerfor limiting oscillation of said container while permitting expansionthereof by changes of temperature, a screwthrea'ded section for holdinga cover, and a seal for preventing moisture from reaching saidinsulating material.

19, A heat-insulated receptacle including a multi-section outer metallicjacket, a vitreous inner container, heat-insulating material disposedbetween said jacket and said container, and a 'vitreous stopper carryinga resilient gasket, said stopper being retained in position by a .cupengaged with'a section of said outer jacket.

20. A heat-insulated receptacle including a multi-section outer metallicjacket, an opaque vitreous inner container, heat-in sulating materialdisposed between said jacket and said container, and a vitreous forstopper having a recesscarryi'ng a resilient gasket, said stopper beingretained in position by a cup engaged with a section of said outerjacket.

21. A heat-insulated receptacle of the non- Vacuum type, including amulti-section outer jacket, a vitreous open-mouth single-walled innercontainer sustained in the upper portion of said outer jacket, resilientheat-insulating material disposed between said jacket and said containerfor limiting oscillation of said container while permitting expansionthereof by changes of temperature, and an insulated stopper for closingthe mouth of said container, a section of said outer jacket having meansfor holding and vertically adjusting a cover.

22. A heat-insulated receptacle of the nonvacuum type, including anon-frangible outer jacket, a strong inner frangible container havin abody portion and a neck, said neck bemg held laterally by an upper partof said receptacle, and additional means for laterally holding said bodyportion and restricting convective air currents around said container,said means consisting of comminuted heat-insulating material surroundingsaid body portion to thereby sub stantially prevent lateral movements ofsaid body portion.

23. A heat-insulated receptacle of the non vacuum type, including anon-frangible outer jacket, an inner frangible container having a neck,the neck of said container being laterally positioned by an adjacentpart of said jacket, and the body of said container being laterallysustained in the body of said receptacle by a mass of comminutedheat-insulating material disposed in the space between said bodies torestrict convective currents of air therein and to limit the amplitudeof pendulous movementof the body of said container.

24. A heat-insulated receptacle of the non-vacuum type, including anon-frangible outer jacket, a strong inner frangible containerpositioned at its upper end by an adjacent part of said jacket, and heatinsulating material disposed within said jacket, filling the spacebetween said jacket and said container and of suflicient density tosubstantiall prevent said container from whippirgg, vi rating oroscillating at its lower en In testimony whereof he affixes hissignature in the presence of two witnesses.

' LEWIS VAN DEVENTER BLAIR.

Witnesses:

CARL J. POWERS,

B. E. FAQTOR.

